Caracterización de los pacientes diabéticos y prediabéticos portadores de VIH en hospital terciario de Concepción / Characterization of diabetic and prediabetic patients carriying of HIV in a tertiary hospital in Concepcion

The increased survival of patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), due in great part to antiretroviral therapy, has led to the disease becoming a chronic condition. The result of this new picture, is the development of several chronic metabolic diseases, including diabetes mellitus. The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and prediabetes in HIV people that is controlled in a tertiary Chilean hospital and other epidemiological aspects of this condition. The results show a prevalence of 2.95 percent of diabetes and 13.0 percent of prediabetes in HIV patients, similar results to the international literature. The vast majority of these patients acquire diabetes or prediabetes after the HIV debut. It is important to know our local prevalence of metabolic comorbidities in these patients, in this case diabetes and prediabetes, to improve our research and adequate treatment in this population.

Cateterismo venoso suprarrenal: indicaciones y limitaciones a propósito de dos casos clínicos / Adrenal venous catheterization in primary hyperaldosteronism: report of two cases

Primary hyperaldosteronism is the most prevalent cause of secondary hypertension. Approximately 10 percentof hypertensive patients may be carriers of this condition. Idiopathic bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (HSBI) and aldosterone producing adenoma (APA) are the most common causes of hyperaldosteronism. To diagnose these conditions, adrenal venous catheterization (CVS) is the test of choice to evaluate functional imagingfindings. The aim of this communication is to demonstrate the usefulness of the CVS in the etiological diagnosis of this condition. We report two patients with primary hyperaldosteronism who were subjected to CVS. A male in whom and abdominal CAT scan showed bilateral adrenal growth, that was severest atthe left side. CVS concluded hyper secretion of aldosterone on the right side, but without suppression of the contralateral gland, corresponding to a bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. A 43 years old male in whom an abdominal CAT scan showed a right adrenal tumor measuring 11 x 5 mm. CVS showed a right lateralization of aldosterone secretion, with suppression of the contralateral gland. The conclusion was the presence of an aldosteronoma, which was excised by laparoscopy with excellent clinical outcome.